Temple architecture of kerala pdf

Kavu, kerala, ecological haven, culture, tradition, gene. An indigenous temple architecture based on the the utilitarian residential types of kerala and the konkan region originated later in kerala. A study on architecture of kerala temples ignited minds. Sep 12, 2017 famous temples in india list pdf covers the all the important and famous temples in india to be learnt for bank, ssc and other exams. This article deals with architecture, temple design, and art in ancient india and also with continuity between harappan and historical art and writing. This festival has more on rituals and ceremonies and this is a rear temple to conduct such a long days festival in kerala temples. Similar to terminology used to distinguish the basic components of a gothic church for example nave, aisles, chancel, spire, etc, the common ele. Architect sthapati m palanisamy is the well known professional temple architects and designer in chennai, mumbai, kolkata, new delhi, india for hindu temple architecture, hindu gods statues and indian temple vastu shastra. The rockcut temples are among the earliest known of the temples of kerala and they are assigned to the period prior to 800 ad.

Three main style of temple architecture are the nagara or the northern style, the dravida or the southern style and the vesara or mixed style. Avittathur siva temple mahadeva temple thrissur kerala. Traditional kerala interior design architecture history thatchu shasthra, or the science of carpentry and traditional vasthu, was the governing science in this architectural form. Chapter iii introduction to kerala temple architecture. Ancient indian temples are classified in three broad types. Architecture is the art which so disposes and so adorns the edifice raised by men, for whatsoever uses. We are one of the leading famous temple architect and executor for hindu temple and hindu temple. The tantrasamuchaya, thachushastra, manushyalayachandrika and silparatna are important architectural sciences, which have had a. These small verdant patches, deemed sacred in the culture and tradition of kerala, is home to numerous herbs, plants and trees preserving a special gene pool.

These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking po, ssc, state civil services exams and so on. For information about other temples of ranganatha, see ranganathaswamy temple disambiguation. Pdf a study on kerala style temple architecture and. Famous temples in kerala explore the architecture of. The same goes for the architecture in kerala, where you can see buildings. Dravidian architecture or the south indian temple style is an architectural idiom in hindu temple architecture that emerged in the southern part of the indian subcontinent or south india and in sri lanka, reaching its final form by the sixteenth century. This year old temple is a classic example of the kerala style of architecture with beautiful murals.

Primitive man sought some kind of protection against wild animals, rainfall, storm, sunlight, lightning and mist and fog. We showcase our architectural monuments as repositories of the indic culture. Famous temples in india pdf download for competitive. Temple architecture style found very common in kerala good orientation and natural ventilation for refresh the rooms. The name of the city of thiruvananthapuram in malayalam translates to the city of lord ananta, referring to the deity of the padmanabhaswamy temple.

Both of these, but especially the former, have a number of regional styles within them. Jain temples abound all over india but the temples in kerala are simply praiseworthy. The rockcut temples, sculptures and the carvings are exemplary of early pandyan architecture. Theory of five elements of nature in context to the temple architectural design to make student understand the basic principles of five elements of nature so that it forms the basics for study of temple design through these topics. Indian temple architecture evolution, type, design layout. Jun 03, 20 famous temples in kerala are worth to visit.

The evolution of domestic architecture of kerala followed closely the trend of development in temple architecture. Every year tourists from all over the world are come to visit kerala to explore its natural as well as heritage beauty. Indian temples with its imposing towers, intricate carvings and awe inspiring size were in fact the result of a gradual evolution over time. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes dravidian architecture was an architectural idiom that emerged in the southern part of the indian subcontinent or south india. The nagara or north indian temple style the style of temple architecture that became popular in northern india is.

Elements of hindu temple it was the later half of the 7th century that the hindu temple structures of india began to acquire a definite form fletcher,1952. Some interesting aspects make kerala temples stand out from the rest. Some temples are under unesco world heritage sites. Temple architecture of kerala is quite different from other regions. The everyday ritual of an ordinary kerala temple is rather a modest affair. The temple is now administered by the travancore devaswom board. Ideavy cornices, strong pillars wide in proportion to their height and the broad base of the sikhar or tower give to indian temple architecture a feeling of strength and solidity. The temple is dedicated to lord sreevallabha and lord sudharsanamoorthy. Guruvayoor temple is a typical example for kerala s temple vastuvidya ancient treatises on architecture. Nov 09, 2007 buy the temple architecture of india book online at best prices in india on. It consists primarily of hindu temples where the dominating feature is the high gopura or gatehouse. Jainism is one of the oldest religions in india and today you can see many jain temples.

Indian architecture notes indian culture and heritage secondary course 189 module v painting, performing arts. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. Temple architecture south india pdf download culture notes. Its detailed architecture and carvings are constructed in the traditional style making it a worthy pilgrimage site to visit. Hindu temple architecture as the main form of hindu architecture has many varieties of style, though the basic nature of the hindu temple remains the same, with the essential feature an inner sanctum, the garbha griha or wombchamber, where the primary murti or the image of a deity is housed in a simple bare cell. The sahya mountains which form part of the western ghats is the main mountain range in kerala. People living in the artic and tropical regions need housing for selfprotection than anything else.

Studded with complex architecture, variety of sculptures, and rich inscriptions, the temples remain the very essence of the culture and heritage of tamil land, with historical records dating back to at least 3,000 years. The sri ranganathaswamy temple or thiruvarangam is a hindu temple dedicated to ranganatha, a reclining form of the hindu deity maha vishnu, located in srirangam, tiruchirapalli, tamil nadu, india. The distinct architectural style of temple construction in different parts was a result of geographical, climatic, ethnic, racial, historical and linguistic diversities. Buy the temple architecture of india book online at low. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries. Top jain temples and pilgrimage sites in kerala jain. They come mainly under two groups, the southern group and the northern group. These festivals forms are the main leisure time attraction of kerala s population. The architectural style of kerala temples has an inherent simplicity.

Temples have held an important place in the life of the people of kerala. Avittathur siva temple celebrates its manthrankam koothu as a month long festival here. Distinctive kerala style of temple architecture navrang. Temple architecture in india ncert notes most of the art and architectural remains that survive from ancient and medieval india are religious in nature. The state also abounds with a large number of temple tanks.

Koothambalam performance hall of the kerala kalamandalam. The temple was ornately decorated often even to the dark shrine rooms lighted only by flickering oil lamps. Dec 18, 2015 temple architecture is normally defined by temple sastras that recommend certain designs pertaining to the location of sanctum, prakara walk path around the main shrine, flag staff, etc. Kalamandalam deemed university of art and culture, is a major centre for learning indian performing arts, especially those that developed in the southern states of india, with the special emphasis on kerala. A normal utsava of kerala temple features performing art forms like kathakali, koodiyattom, krishnanattam, koothu etc. The rectangular shape with a hipped roof appears to have been finally evolved from functional consideration. Sree vallabha temple is positioned in thiruvalla, pathanamthitta district in the state of kerala, india. The vernacular architecture of kerala in india is explored to demonstrate a design case with southeast asian characters but situated beyond the agreed modern region of southeast asia. Full list in pdf file, useful for upsc, ssc, ibps and other comeptitive exams.

The enormous vadakkumnnathan temple at thrissur has an eyecatching architecture that has lured millions of people in its abode every year. In contrast to the farnsworth house, these kerala styles homes are a private heavy spatial organization. This list give the important temple locations and other details. Feb 28, 2017 kerala, the wonderful state in southern india has a culture and tradition found nowhere in the rest of the country. The vadakkkunnathan temple located in thrissur of kerala is one of the largest temples in kerala which is dedicated to lord shiva. All these mandirs or temples in kerala are highly revered among the many other sacred sites of divine worship that the state has. The temples in kalugumalai, a rocky hill in thoothukudi district in southern tamil nadu. Kerala has many famous temples that have found a place in the hearts of devotees. It is a typical kerala architectural style temple, built horizontally on a 9 acreland and encompassed within an enormous stone wall.

It protected the state from political invasions that hit south india till the. Temple architecture in india ncert notes pdf download. Another distictive feature of keralite temples is the use of vilakku maadam, or the multitiered brass lamps in front of temples. By giving a coherent explanation of how to look at this architecture, as a whole and in detail, the book is able to convey a lucid and comprehensive understanding of the design concepts followed by the temple architects, and of the development of temple forms. The temple architecture that is prevalent in kerala temples are different from those of the other parts of india. Questions like where is venkateswara temple located and where is lotus temple are. Temple architecture in india can be classified into three broad styles nagara, dravida and vesara. Finally, various elements of ornamentation such as gavaksha, vyalayali, kalpalata, amalaka, kalasha, etc. The earlier cave temples of kerala were influenced by the rock cut temple styles of the tamil region. The temple shrines have been built in square, rectangular, circular, apsidal and elliptical ground plans. Questions like where is venkateswara temple located. But the temple festivals are conducted in a lavish way. It consists primarily of temples with pyramid shaped towers and are constructed of sandstone, soapstone or granite. Mughal architecture, building style that flourished in northern and central india from the mid16th to the late 17th century under the patronage of the mughal emperors.

The south indian hindu temple building design system on the architecture of the silpa sastra and the dravida style k. This branch of knowledge was well developed in the traditional architecture of kerala. Top architect, temple architects, temple designer, sculpture. Distinctive kerala style of temple architecture navrang india. The temples of kerala, known for their ingenious architecture and simplicity are frequently visited by tourists. Early indian architecture and art subhash kak abstract. Largely dictated by the geography of the region that abounds in forests blessed with the bounties of the monsoons, the structure of the temples in kerala is distinctive. The kerala temple walls are of coursed laterite stone masonry plastered in mud and lime.

Kalugumalai houses the 8th century jain beds, vettuvan koil and kalugasalamoorthy temple, a murugan temple at the foothills. An architectural survey of temples of kerala architectural survey of temples, number 2 archaeological survey of india by sarkar, h. Persian, indian, and various provincial styles were fused to produce works of unusual quality and refinement such as the taj mahal, in agra. The architecture of india is rooted in its history, culture and religion. The bhargava bhumi land of parasurama or gods own country is a land of temples and temple legends. Aachaarya abhisheka adhishtaana alappuzha alappuzha district ancient angulams antharmandala architecture ayyappa bali balipeethas bhadrakaali bhagavathi bimba brahma brahmins carvings centre century coconut conducted consecrated dand dedicated deity devathas devi temple dhaara diagram durga dwaja face famous festival followed ganapathi garbha. Major attractions in guruvayoor, thigs to do in guruvayoor. Famous temples in india and their state wise location. It fills in the gap in the postharappan, prebuddhist art of india by calling attention to the structures of.

Temple architecture of high standard developed in almost all regions during ancient india. A few other prominent kerala temples are sabarimala sastha temple of pathanamthitta, attukal bhagavathy temple of thiruvananthapuram, sri krishna temple of ambalapuzha, and sri krishna temple of guruvayoor. This temple is situated in thiruvananthapuram and is dedicated to god vishnu. It is faced towards the east with two gopurams, one at east kizhakkenada and other at west padinjarenada. Temple architecture in kerala is different from that of other regions in india. Let us take a journey through the temple architecture of kerala temples.

The padmanabhaswamy temple is a hindu temple located in thiruvananthapuram, the state capital of kerala, india. Temple architecture vastu architecture vastu architect. Sri padmanabhaswamy is one of the most popular temples in kerala which is known worldwide for its architectural superiority. Media in category temple architecture in kerala the following 4 files are in this category, out of 4 total. An architectural marvel in wood and stone, the vadakkumnathan temple, one of the oldest in the state, stands tall right at the heart of thrissur, in a nineacre walled patch of green. It is constructed in dravidian style in the 8th century. When the land, religion, myth, culture and civilization harmoniously blend together in a small space replete with greenery, we call it kavu a unique and ancient ecological haven common to the land of kerala. The entire area between these gopurams is roofed with tiles and known as anapanthal.

Among a number of architectural styles and traditions, the contrasting hindu temple architecture and indoislamic architecture are the best known historical styles. Famous temples in india list pdf covers the all the important and famous temples in india to be learnt for bank, ssc and other exams. This is a list of famous hindu temples in kerala ordered by district. The role of five elements of nature in temple architecture.

In kerala the temple architecture is unique and different from that of other regions. The most famous and most often frequented sastha pilgrimage, the sabarimala temple is dedicated to the lord ayyappa and is open to all religions. Sabarimala temple kerala the temples of kerala, known for their ingenious architecture and simplicity are frequently visited by tourists. The most famous temples in kerala comprise of padmanabhaswamy temple, aaranmula temple, sabarimala temple, guruvayoor temple, kalapathy temple, ambalapuzha temple and thiruvalla temple.

The climate of kerala greatly influenced the traditional architecture. Welcome to aggregator of all the resources that projects the conventional. Paadabandham is used for sreekovils and praathibandham is used for namaskaramandapam. The primitive models were huts made of bamboo frame thatched with leaves in circular, square or rectangular plain shapes. The temple is built in an intricate fusion of the chera style and the dravidian style of architecture, featuring high walls, and a. The dominance of the circular shrine is a unique feature of temple architecture in kerala. Temple and domestic architecture unlike the other architectural traditions in the mainland the design of kerala temples shows a close similarity with the domestic architecture of the region. Temple architecture is normally defined by temple sastras that recommend certain designs pertaining to the location of sanctum, prakara walk path around the main shrine, flag staff, etc. The architecture of kerala has been influenced by dravidian and indian vedic architectural science vastu shastra over two millennia. But at the same time, there are also some regional styles of bengal, kerala and the himalayan. This classification is based on different architectural styles, employed in the construction of the temples. Art and thought are the two manifestations of our culture.

In ancient india, temple architecture of high standard developed in almost all regions. Sree vallabha temple info, timings, photos, history. The k otta yambalam bhagavat hi temple and the jain temples at panamaram, v aradur, punchavayal and neeruvaram are built of gneiss and hence could be later than the. The architecture of temples in kerala is different from the other areas in india. Indian temple architecture evolution, type, design. The primitive models of circular, square or rectangular plain shapes with a ribbed roof evolved from functional consideration. Oct 05, 2015 the evolution of domestic architecture of kerala followed closely the trend of development in temple architecture. Temples in tamil nadu are famous for their marvellous stone works. The surviving nair houses have many structural elements like raised foundations, wall and ceiling carvings, steeply sloping roofs, etc. Pdf a study on kerala style temple architecture and its. This temple is open throughout the year for prayers and pujas.